历年考研英语中常见十五种“逻辑关系词(或称衔接词)”

历年考研英语中常见的十五种“逻辑关系词（或称衔接词）”

第一，表示因果（世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系）

1.表示原因

because（of）

=be responsible for =

as = since =for = therein = root =origin（al）

=causality = due ∕ owing ∕ thanks ∕according

to = be attributed∕contributed

to（原因是）= now ∕ in

that =seeing ∕ considering ∕ given

（that）

= on account of =on this account = on ground of ∕ that（强调主观理由）

= out of = for the sake of =

in（the）

light of = in view of（the fact that）

= by ∕ in virtue of = by reason of = as a result ∕ consequence of = in consequence of =arise from = put sth down to sth（把……归因于……）

【注】

put down ① 把„„归因于+ to sth

② 把„„看作∕视为

put sth down as sth

③

使（当众）出丑，让某人丢人现眼

④ 写下，记下 ⑤ 将„„提请（议会或委员会）审议

to put down a motion∕amendment

提交一项动议或修正案

⑥ 登记，注册，列入名单 + for sth

例句：Put me down for three tickets for Saturday。

2.表示结果

①

So = hence =therefore = therefor = thereby = thereof = thereout = therewithal = thereupon =

thus = consequent(ly)= result（ing）

=effect =consequence = in consequence = as a result ∕ consequence = result in =

accordingly = give rise to = lead to = arouse = agitate =awaken = fire up = provoke = spark = spur = stimulate = stir（激起，引起，引发，激发）= trigger = activate = prompt = set in motion = set off

= contribute∕ attribute

to = bring about ∕on =present =it follows ∕ turns out that „

②

Or else = otherwise

否则，要不然

【注】

or else 与 otherwise 既表示转折，又表示对比，还表示结果。

第二，表示对比

1.表示“相似性的”对比

①

Likewise = like =similar（ly）

= akin = parallel（with „）

= analogous ∕ analogy = comparable = by ∕ in comparison（with „）

与„„相似的②

Identical = same 完全相同的 = much as = as much 同„„一样

be consistent with = consistently =

be in agreement with = coincide

with „

= accord ∕agree

with = match（意见、利益等）

与„„一致的，相符的2.表示“差异性的”对比（这些词也 be 可以表示转折、强调）

Unlike = by ∕ in contrast = in turn =

in contrast to ∕ with = conversely =

alternatively = on the contrary = contrary to = contrarily = on the other hand = otherwise = while = whereas =（run）

counter to

与„„相反的，但是，然而

3.暂时无法确定是“差异性”还是“相似性”的①

比较级、最高级

most important = dominant(ly)= largely

②

Of „ and „

第三，表示递进

①

besides =therewith = as well as = as well = and =

also = too =

in addition（to）

= moreover = furthermore = apart ∕ aside from

除„„之外还，此外，而且，加之（用于“包括的”特殊人或事物前）

②

that is（to say）

= namely

也就是说（有补充解释说明的作用）

③

to put it another way = put another way = in other words

换句话说（有补充解释说明的作用）

④

simply put ∕ stated ∕ spoken

简言之

⑤

or rather

或者更确切地说

【注】

注意 besides 与 except 的区别。例如：① All of us passed besides John。（约翰也及格了）；② All of us passed except John。（约翰没有及格）

except 用于“不包括”的特殊人或事物前

第四，表示补充（解释、说明）

① But = except（for）

= apart ∕ aside from = other than

除„„之外（都），常用于否定句中，用于“不包括”的特殊人

或事物前。

例如：① No one saw it but me。

② There is nobody here other than me。

②

that is（to say）

= namely

也就是说（有补充解释说明的作用）

③

to put it another way = put another way = in other words

换句话说（有补充解释说明的作用）

④ 冒号、破折号

第五，表示让步

① Despite = in spite of = notwithstanding = regardless ∕ irrespective of = out of

account（不予考虑）=

in disregard of = for all（that）

= although = though = as = while = even（if）= much as（用于句首）虽然 = granting ∕ granted that

不管，不顾，尽管（有），虽然，即使

②

after all 毕竟

③

certainly = of

course = indeed = it is true that „的确

④

undoubtedly = there is no doubt that „

毫无疑问的是„„

⑤

admittedly = we have to admit that „

应该承认的是„„

⑥

it may be true that „

或许真实的是„„

⑦

there is no denying that „

不可否认的是„„

⑧

to be sure = although（常与 but 连用）可以肯定的是„

⑨

at least

至少

第六，表示转折

①

Instead（of）

= rather than

（是„„）而不是

②

But = yet = although = though = while = whereas = when = only =（but）

rather = instead = still = nevertheless = nonetheless =

much as（用于句首）

尽管如此，然而，虽然，但是

③

Otherwise = or else

否则，要不然

④

In effect ∕ fact ∕reality = indeed

= virtually

实际上，事实上，的确

【注】

although，though，while，whereas，to be sure，in effect ∕ fact，indeed 既表示让步，又表示转折。

第七，表示条件

①

if = providing ∕ provided ∕ suppose ∕ supposing

that

如果，假如

②

in case of = in the event of

万一„„

③

failing

如果不能，如果没有

④

but for ∕ that

要不是，若非（主句用虚拟语气）

⑤

unless

除非

⑥

as long as = only if

只要

⑦

on condition that „

条件是„„

⑧

if only

但愿，要是„„就好了（常与虚拟语气连用）

⑨ only if 必须在„„的条件下（引导条件状语从句）

第八，表示目的①

For fear of = lest 以免，以防

②

For the sake of „

=

in the

desire to do sth

为了„„

③ in order to

【注】

for the sake of 既表示原因，又表示目的。

第九，表示引出新对象

① About = concerning = regarding = with regard to = as for ∕ to =

in respect of

关于

② in terms of

就„„而论，在„„方面

③ when it comes to „

当提到„„时

④ as such

就其本身而言；就„„的严格词义而言

第十，表示强调

①

Above all

=

most

important

=

valuable = dominant（ly）=largely =

most leading = generally = mainly =

chief = substantially=

the first and more

important

= matter = signify = for the most part = most = a large proportion

of

具有重要性，最重要的是

②

In effect ∕ fact ∕reality = indeed = virtually

事实上，实际上，的确，其实

③

In any case = anyway = at any rate

无论如何，总之

④

比较级、最高级

⑤

Noteworthy = Of note= Notable = noticeable =Striking= Remarkable= marked =

express（明确的）

= evident = distinctly =

obvious = clear（lee）

= dominant =apparent =crystal（显而易见的）

= realizing（清晰生动的，明确无误的）

= Worth mentioning= observable = spectacular = pronounced = dramatically = understandable= palpable= Important= Significant

显著的，值得注意的，明显的，显而易见的，清晰明了的⑥ reinforce = stress = strengthen = emphasize = build（sth）

up

加强，巩固，增加，强调

⑦ always = invariably = continually = consistently

⑧ considerably 相当地

【注】

in effect ∕ fact∕reality，indeed 表示让步、转折、强调；比较级、最高级表示对比、强调。

第十一，表示总结

① On the whole = all in all =overall =

in conclusion ∕ summary ∕ general = generally（speaking）= as a whole =mainly = substantially

= to sum up

= conclude = come to the conclusion

总的来说

② in short ∕ brief = in a word

简而言之

③ in any case = at any rate = anyway

总之，无论如何

第十二，表示时间

①

Meanwhile = simultaneously

= therewithal

同时地 = coincide with„ 与„„同时发生

crop

【C】

同时发生的事情；同时做某事的一群人，一批人 +

of

如：the current crop of graduate trainees

目前这一批毕业实习生

②

Preceding = previous（ly）

= former = prior to

先前的③

Subsequent = following = in the wake of = upon = after = latter

随后的④

Lattermost

最后的⑤

Of late = lately = recent = latterly

最近

⑥

To late= as yet = hitherto = up to the present = up to that point =

so far

迄今为止

⑦

Present（ly）

= current（ly）

=at present

当前的（地），现在⑧

For the present

暂且，目前

⑨ Around the clock

昼夜不停

⑩

No longer

不再

⑾ initial（ly）最初，开始 = at the beginning of

initiatory

最初的⑿ for a while

一会儿

⒀ perpetual∕perpetuity∕forever ∕for good∕permanent ∕chronic（长期的）

长久，永远

【注】

chronic

①（尤指疾病）长期的，慢性的，连续复发的 = continually recurring

例如：the country’s

chronic unemployment problem

国家的长期失业问题

②

长期患病的，长期有某种习惯的例如：a chronic alcoholic 酗酒成性的人

chronically

长期地，慢性地

反义词—intermittent = occasional（ly）= temporary

暂时的⒁ before long

不久以后

⒂ long before

很久以前

第十三，表示举例

①

Like = such as = for instance ∕ example = take ∕ consider ∕ think of ∕ remember „（as an example）

= a good case in point is „ =from „ to „（to „）

=to illustrate = as an illustration

②

并列的 there be 句型

③ let"s take a look at∕return to the example of„

④ in the case of„

比如在„„

第十四，表示并列

① And ∕ also ∕ too=as well ∕ or = alternatively ∕ as well as(不但，而且)∕ along with（连同„„在一起）

② 分号

第十五，表示方式

① As if∕though

好像

② as

如„„

③ just as

正如„„

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